Naked Mole Rats Can Survive Without Oxygen, Study Says

Category: Science/Environment

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. rodent / ˈroʊd nt / (n) – a type of animal that chews its food little by little
    Example:

    Even though rats and squirrels are both rodents, they are not treated the same.


  2. colony / ˈkɒl ə ni / (n) – a group of people, animals, or plants living in one place
    Example:

    The students discovered an ant colony under the tree house.


  3. subject / səbˈdʒɛkt / (v) – to expose something or someone to an event or situation
    Example:

    Silver coins melt when subjected to high temperature.


  4. deprivation / ˌdɛp rəˈveɪ ʃən / (n) – the act of taking or removing something
    Example:

    Sleep deprivation will eventually lead to sickness.


  5. breakthrough / ˈbreɪkˌθru / (n) – a sudden discovery of something important
    Example:

    Scientists have made a breakthrough on cancer treatment.


Article

Read the text below.

Scientists have discovered that naked mole rats can survive for 18 minutes without oxygen.


Naked mole rats are described as hairless, cold-blooded mammals that belong to the rodent family. The species has been reported to live for more than 30 years. Aside from this, they are also resistant to pain and can regulate their breathing, enabling them to live underground in colonies. Because of this, a team of scientists from the University of Illinois tested the naked mole rats’ ability to survive without oxygen.


In order to test the naked mole rats’ ability, the team conducted two experiments. First, they placed some naked mole rats in a box with only 5% oxygen. According to the researchers, it would take mice 15 minutes to die if subjected to the same conditions. Results of the experiment showed that naked mole rats can survive oxygen deprivation for at least five hours.


In the second experiment, the researchers placed some naked mole rats in another box. Instead of oxygen, it contained a type of gas called nitrogen, which causes suffocation. Records show that the naked mole rats survived for 18 minutes.


After further investigation, researchers discovered that naked mole rats move less to endure oxygen deprivation. In addition, they use fructose, a simple sugar mainly found in fruits. This sugar is transported to the naked mole rat’s brain and heart cells to keep its body functioning.


Following this breakthrough, the scientists hope to use their initial findings to advance heart attack and stroke research. In particular, they intend to decrease the damages of oxygen deprivation to the brain by using the naked mole rats’ technique.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

• Aside from heart attack and stroke research, what other fields or industries would benefit from the study?
• What other characteristics of naked mole rats mentioned in the article can be useful to humans?

Discussion B

• Why is it important to study animals’ unique characteristics and behavior?
• Do you agree with experimenting on animals for research? Why or why not?