Animals Are Becoming More Active at Night to Avoid Humans

Category: Science/Environment

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. ascertain / ˌæsɚˈteɪn / (v) – to determine something with certainty
    Example:

    After examining the whale, we ascertained that it died because of eating plastic.


  2. thrive / ˈθraɪv / (v) – to develop well
    Example:

    Plants thrive if they have enough sunlight, water, and nutrients.


  3. vulnerable / ˈvʌlnərəbəl / (adj) – easily harmed
    Example:

    Animals that were raised in zoos can be vulnerable in the wild.


  4. reconfigure / ˌriːkənˈfɪɡjər / (v) – to change how something is arranged
    Example:

    The scientists reconfigured the path of the maze to see if the rat can solve it.


  5. landfill / ˈlændˌfɪl / (n) – an area of land where garbage is disposed and buried
    Example:

    To prevent the spread of diseases from germs, the authorities have forced people living near landfills to relocate.


Article

Read the text below.

A study has found that several mammals are shifting toward being nocturnal, or more active at night, in order to avoid humans.


Researchers discovered that in places with humans, many diurnal mammals that are normally active during daytime have increased their nighttime activity by 68%. The researchers observed this across several species in different continents.


Moreover, they found that different human activities similarly affect how animals behave, regardless if these activities directly threatened the animals’ lives or not. For instance, it was observed that building roads near animal habitats had the same effect on animal behavior as hunting.


While the researchers cannot yet ascertain the consequences of this behavioral change, they have several assumptions about its implications. The researchers think that most mammals can thrive even with changes in their activity patterns. They added that these changes may be beneficial since animals will become less likely to encounter humans.


However, researchers also fear that some diurnal mammals may not be as adept at finding food, avoiding predators, and communicating in the dark. These difficulties can reduce the animals’ survival and reproduction rates. Some species may also be unable to adapt and become vulnerable to their surroundings, according to the researchers.


This is not the first study to observe changes in animal behavior due to human activity. In 2016, researchers found that some storks reconfigured their migration patterns so that they can eat discarded food from landfills. Similarly, researchers from the University of Melbourne discovered that being exposed to artificial light in cities have altered the life cycle of black field crickets and led to the insects’ lower birth rates.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

• How do you think humans will be affected if animals become nocturnal? Discuss.
• What are some activities in your area that might affect animal behavior (e.g. bright lights from cities, deforestation)? Discuss.

Discussion B

• If you were to create an animal sanctuary that is free from human activity, where would it be? Why?
• How can humans reduce their negative impact on animals? Discuss.