Scientists Find Piece of Lost Ancient Continent in Canada

Category: Science/Environment

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. fragment / ˈfræg mənt / (n) – a piece or part of a whole
    Example:

    The scientists found some rare bone fragments in the desert.


  2. fall apart / fɔl əˈpɑrt / (idiom) – to break into smaller parts or pieces
    Example:

    I need to get this table fixed before it falls apart.


  3. remnant / ˈrɛm nənt / (n) – a part of something left behind
    Example:

    The firemen found remnants of the burnt house.


  4. breakthrough / ˈbreɪkˌθru / (n) – an important discovery or information that helps solve or understand a situation
    Example:

    The creation of vaccines is a breakthrough in the field of medicine.


  5. liken to / ˈlaɪ kən tə / (phrasal) – to point out the similarity of someone or something to another
    Example:

    My grandmother likens gardening to raising children.


Article

Read the text below.

Researchers have discovered a piece of a lost ancient continent in Canada.


Canadian scientists revealed that a fragment of the North Atlantic Craton, a part of the Earth’s ancient continental crust that fell apart 150 million years ago, is beneath Baffin Island. The island is located north of Canada. According to lead researcher Maya Kopylova, the other remnants of the North Atlantic Craton are in Scotland, Greenland, and Labrador—a province in eastern Canada.


The findings of the breakthrough were based on the analysis of samples of kimberlite, a type of volcanic rock that is a good source of diamonds. Geologists discovered that the kimberlite collected from Baffin Island matched the samples found in other fragments of the North Atlantic Craton.


Baffin Island was not previously believed to be part of the North Atlantic Craton. However, Kopylova is confident about the research’s findings because the portions of the North Atlantic Craton have a unique mineral composition. This means that the similarities among the samples indicate that they all came from the North Atlantic Craton.


Scientists believe that the findings support the plate tectonics theory. According to the theory, several plates beneath the Earth’s surface formed huge supercontinents by pushing smaller continents toward each other, then broke them apart and later pushed them together again.


Kopylova likened the discovery of the ancient land fragment to finding a missing puzzle piece. She believes that their discovery has led to a deeper understanding of the Earth.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

• Do you think the discovery is significant? Why or why not?
• Should scientists conduct more research about the Earth’s continents? Explain.

Discussion B

• Do you believe that most major scientific theories are correct (e.g. the Big Bang Theory)? Why or why not?
• If you could investigate a famous scientific theory, what would it be? Why?