US to adopt new restrictions on using commercial spyware

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Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. surveil / sərˈveɪl / (v.) – to watch people, groups, etc. closely and secretly to prevent or catch a crime
    Example:

    The police got the authority to surveil the suspected illegal businessmen.


  2. dissident / ˈdɪs ɪ dənt / (n.) – a person who strongly and publicly disagrees with and criticizes the government
    Example:

    Dissidents who protested near the White House were arrested.


  3. proliferation / prəˌlɪf əˈreɪ ʃən / (n.) – a rapid increase in number
    Example:

    The proliferation of online stores made shopping easier.


  4. repression / rɪˈprɛʃ ən / (n.) – the use of force to control or restrict people or society
    Example:

    Journalists who wrote about the dictator’s repression can be in danger.


  5. pose / poʊz / (v.) – to cause something, especially a difficult or dangerous situation
    Example:

    The continuous collection of data poses a threat to people’s privacy and safety.


Article

Read the text below.

The U.S. government will restrict its use of commercial spyware tools that have been used to surveil human rights activists, journalists and dissidents around the world, under an executive order issued by President Joe Biden.


The order responds to growing U.S. and global concerns about programs that can capture text messages and other cellphone data. Some programs — so-called “zero-click” exploits — can infect a phone without the user clicking on a malicious link.


Governments around the world — including the U.S. — are known to collect large amounts of data for intelligence and law enforcement purposes, including communications from their own citizens. The proliferation of commercial spyware has made powerful tools newly available to smaller countries but also created what researchers and human-rights activists warn are opportunities for abuse and repression.


The White House released the executive order in advance of its second summit for democracy. The order “demonstrates the United States’ leadership in, and commitment to, advancing technology for democracy, including by countering the misuse of commercial spyware and other surveillance technology,” the White House said in a statement.


Biden’s order, billed as a prohibition on using commercial spyware “that poses risks to national security,” allows for some exceptions.


The order will require the head of any U.S. agency using commercial programs to certify that the program doesn’t pose significant counterintelligence or other security risks, a senior administration official said.


Among the factors that will be used to determine the level of security risk is if a foreign actor has used the program to monitor U.S. citizens without legal authorization or surveil human rights activists and other dissidents.


“It is intended to be a high bar but also includes remedial steps that can be taken … in which a company may argue that their tool has not been misused,” said the official, who briefed reporters on condition of anonymity under White House ground rules.


The White House will not publish a list of banned programs as part of the executive order, the official said.


This article was provided by The Associated Press.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

  • What do you think are the advantages of government agencies’ use of spyware (ex. crime prevention, accurate information gathering)? Discuss.
  • In your opinion, when should commercial spyware be allowed for use (ex. authorized operations, within ethical limitations)? Discuss.

Discussion B

  • Governments around the world — including the U.S. — collect large amounts of data for intelligence and law enforcement purposes, including communications from their own citizens. Do you feel comfortable that governments are doing this? Why or why not? Discuss.
  • If you were to decide, what information should governments be allowed to gather? What information should not be gathered? Why? Discuss.