Japan becomes the fifth country to land a spacecraft on the moon

Category: Science/Environment

Listening

Unlocking Word Meanings

Read the following words/expressions found in today’s article.

  1. soft landing / sɔft ˈlæn dɪŋ / (n.) – an occasion in which an airplane, spacecraft, etc., gently lands on the ground without any difficulty or damage
    Example:

    With the help of the instructor, the beginner pilot successfully made a soft landing.


  2. pinpoint / ˈpɪnˌpɔɪnt / (adj.) – very exact
    Example:

    The photographer adjusted the camera settings for a pinpoint focus on the subject.


  3. backing / ˈbæk ɪŋ / (n.) – assistance provided to someone or something
    Example:

    The community offered financial backing for the local charity event.


  4. endeavor / ɛnˈdɛv ər / (n.) – a serious and determined effort or attempt to achieve a goal or a task
    Example:

    The team’s collective endeavors resulted in the success of the big project.


  5. assert / əˈsɜrt / (v.) – to state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully to emphasize its validity or importance
    Example:

    The professors assert the importance of critical thinking in academic success.


Article

Read the text below.

Japan became the fifth country in history to reach the moon when one of its spacecraft without astronauts successfully made a soft landing on the lunar surface early January 20.


However, space officials said they needed more time to analyze whether the Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM), achieved its mission priority of making a pinpoint landing. They also said the craft’s solar panel had failed to generate power, which could shorten its activity on the moon.


Japan follows the United States, the Soviet Union, China, and India in reaching the moon. Hitoshi Kuninaka, head of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, said he believes that Japan’s space program at least achieved “minimum” success.


For the mission to be considered fully successful, space officials needed to confirm whether SLIM made a pinpoint landing. Kuninaka said that while more time was needed, he personally thought it was most likely achieved. He said the solar panel is possibly not in the planned angle, but there is still hope.


Despite the solar panel issue, “It’s delightful news,” Prime Minister Fumio Kishida said in a message posted on X, formerly known as Twitter, pledging the government’s continuing backing for the endeavors toward new challenges.


SLIM, which was aiming to hit a very small target, is a lightweight spacecraft about the size of a passenger vehicle. It was using “pinpoint landing” technology that promises far greater control than any previous moon landing.


A landing of such precision would be a world’s first, and would be crucial technology for a sustainable, long-term, and accurate space probe system, said Hiroshi Yamakawa, president of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, or JAXA.


Japan needs the technology to secure its place and contribute to international space projects, Yamakawa said.


“It is necessary to show the world that Japan has the appropriate technology in order to be able to properly assert Japan’s position in lunar development,” said Takeshi Tsuchiya, an aeronautics professor at the Graduate School of Engineering at the University of Tokyo. “The moon is important from the perspective of explorations of resources, and it can also be used as a base to go to other planets, like Mars,” he said.


This article was provided by The Associated Press.


Viewpoint Discussion

Enjoy a discussion with your tutor.

Discussion A

  • In your opinion, how important is it for a country to contribute to international space projects? Would you support your government if it decides to invest a lot of money in such projects? Why or why not? Discuss.
  • Which government projects do you support the most? Why? How about projects that you support the least? Discuss.

Discussion B

  • Japan’s moon landing endeavor didn’t involve any astronauts. Do you think that space explorations with astronauts are as successful as those without astronauts? Why or why not? Discuss.
  • What potential benefits do you see in prioritizing robotic missions over manned missions for lunar exploration? Discuss.