Mushroom foraging is fun, but can be toxic, warn experts

Category: (Self-Study) Science/Environment

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Damp weather at this time of year can be the perfect conditions for dedicated mushroom foragers in the UK. It can be a risky business—there’s always the risk of foraging a toxic mushroom that could make you sick—but it’s growing in popularity with many sharing their latest finds on social media.

Mushroom havens like Ashridge Woods in the English county of Hertfordshire attract the foraging community. Their eyes scan the ground for mushrooms not only to pick but to eat.

Marina Muttik is known online as the Foraging Mermaid, she’s been foraging all her life. Her parents are Russian and she says foraging is much more popular in Russia than in the UK, so she started following her parents on foraging expeditions as a child. She now runs workshops and educates the community about foraging through her social media channels.

But for every delicious edible mushroom, there’s always the risk of foraging a toxic mushroom that could make you sick, or in rare and extreme cases even result in liver failure and death.

“It can absolutely be dangerous. There are deadly mushrooms around, and you have to watch out for them,” she says while taking a break from foraging.

Building up knowledge of what’s safe and what’s not takes time. Muttik even admits she can sometimes find identification difficult and has to pick the wider foraging communities’ brains.

“There’s no easy rules when it comes to mushrooms. So, that’s why you kind of have to look at all of the features. You have to look at where they grow, how they look, how they smell, [and] sometimes how they taste. There’s a lot of features to take into account,” she says.

Professor James Coulson is a toxicologist at Cardiff University. He recently examined data from the National Poisons Information Service (NPIS) from 2013-2022 and discovered an average of 128 cases of mushroom poisonings in the UK every year.

Toxicology expert Coulson reminds us that foraging for mushrooms should be approached with extreme caution.

This article was provided by The Associated Press.

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[Fly agaric mushrooms; forager Marina Muttik approaching]

[Muttik examining fly agaric mushrooms]

[Fly agaric]

[Muttik crossing fallen trees]

[True parasol mushroom]

[Muttik tasting mushrooms]

Marina Muttik (interview): “So, it can absolutely be dangerous. There are deadly mushrooms around, and you have to watch out for them. Thankfully, one quite a lot of the deadly mushrooms are on the rarest side. I don’t come across too many day to day, but also it’s just about building up things you know, and also knowing what the deadliest ones to look out for. There’s a lot of toxic mushrooms, but a lot of them the worst that will happen is you get sick. It’s the ones that you know will kill you that you need to watch out for.”

[Puffball mushrooms releasing spores when squeezed]

Marina Muttik (interview): “There’s no easy rules when it comes to mushrooms. So, that’s why you kind of have to look at all of the features. You have to look at where they grow, how they look, how they smell, sometimes how they taste. There’s a lot of features to take into account. And once you know that, there are a lot of red mushrooms that are edible, there are some are toxic. The most famous deadly mushroom, the one responsible for most cases worldwide, Amanita Phalloides, the Death Cup, that one actually tastes quite pleasant. Smells quite nice, too. Doesn’t look the most dangerous either, it’s kind of like an olive green color. Nothing that rings alarm bells, so to speak.”

[Tree stump in forest]

[Muttik using her knife to prepare mushroom]

[Muttik tasting bitter and toxic mushroom and spitting it out]

[Toxic Hypholoma fasciculare mushroom]

Professor James Coulson (interview): “My old boss used to say the only safe mushrooms to eat are the ones with Tesco (British supermarket) written on the packet. I should point out, in fairness, other brands are available.”

[Mushrooms growing under fallen tree]

Professor James Coulson (interview): “Autumn is my favourite time of year. Every year, I look at the mushroom books, I look at the guides, and I think ‘yes, this is the year that I’m going to successfully identify mushrooms.’ Go out into the woods, you take a look, and you think ‘yeah, it could be anything. couldn’t it.’ So, it’s an incredibly difficult thing to do right. But mushrooms, fungi they’re absolutely incredible.”

[Autumn trees]

[Leaves in forest]

Marina Muttik (interview): “I mean, these ones, the blewits, I saw someone posting the other day from a market in either London or France, and they were £22 a kilo, whereas I could probably easily pick up a couple of kilos alone here. And the ones on the market are not often in the best condition because they travel from abroad quite a lot. So they dry out. So yeah, it’s definitely a nice way to get to eat mushrooms for free.”

[Muttik walking through woods]

[Muttik putting mushroom in basket]

[Shaggy scalycap mushrooms]

[Muttik discovering mushrooms under tree]

[Muttik examining and smelling the mushrooms]

Marina Muttik (interview): “Absolutely, I think I’ve been sent the link on the Australian case about 50 times by now. Everyone’s like: ‘Oh, you’re not sick?’ Yeah. It is annoying because there is so much misinformation about mushrooms out there. There’s a lot of fear about them, like a phobia, just because it’s something unfamiliar and when something like that happens, yeah, it’s not great when people die because of it.”

[Muttik walking through muddy forest floor]

[Muttik foraging by fallen tree]

[Muttik’s basket with some mushrooms]

Professor James Coulson (interview): “It was once said by a famous toxicologist who specialised in fungi and mushroom poisoning that the only rule is there isn’t a rule. There is no single way of identifying whether a mushroom is toxic or not.”

[Muttik discovering toxic webcap mushroom]

[Webcap mushroom]

[Muttik discarding mushroom and walking away]

This script was provided by The Associated Press.